Many homeowners prioritize overall aesthetics and shingles when it comes to roofing. However, a number of factors are essential to the integrity of your roof, and step flashing is one of the most important. This component is crucial to maintaining the structural integrity of your roof.
To help you out, this blog post will explain what step flashing is, how it works, and why it is essential to the health of your roof.
What Is Step Flashing On A Roof
Installed along where the roof meets vertical surfaces like chimneys, walls, and dormers, step flashing is a crucial roofing component for waterproofing. Made from small, rectangular L-shaped metal pieces—typically aluminum or galvanized steel—each piece is bent at a 90-degree angle, with one side extending up the wall and the other lying flat on the roof deck.
Installed in an overlapping “stepped” pattern, step flashing creates a watertight barrier that directs water safely down the roof and away from vulnerable areas. These pieces, usually around 10 inches long and 5 inches wide, prevent leaks by ensuring water flows away from critical junctions, making them especially useful in regions with heavy rain or snow.
Also Read: Understanding the Different Types of Drip Edge Flashing
How Step Flashing On A Roof
Here is a simple explanation of how roof step flashing works:
1. Starting Point
The first piece of flashing is installed at the roof’s base, positioned against the wall and tucked under the first row of shingles.
2. Layering and Overlapping
Each additional piece is placed above the last, overlapping to guide water down and away from the wall.
3. Shingle Coverage
Shingles are then laid over each piece of flashing, helping channel water safely off the roof.
4. Directing Water Flow
Any water that gets under the shingles hits the flashing, which directs it downward to the next shingle layer.
5. Finishing Touches
This overlapping pattern continues to the top, where a final flashing piece completes the watertight barrier.
6. Secure Installation
Proper alignment and secure fastening of each piece are essential to prevent leaks and ensure effective water drainage.
Why Is Step Flashing Important?
Now that you know what step flashing is, it is also important to know why it is an essential component of every roofing system:
#1. Prevents Water Damage
Installing step flashing directs water away from vulnerable areas where the roof meets walls or chimneys, helping to avoid leaks and water damage.
#2. Creates a Seal
The overlapping design of step flashing ensures a watertight barrier, stopping water from seeping into the home and causing potential structural issues.
#3. Protects Roof Structure
With step flashing in place, water is redirected, reducing the risk of leaks that can weaken the roof structure and lead to costly repairs.
#4. Building Code Compliance
Step flashing is a usually requirement by building codes for roofs, ensuring that your roofing system meets safety standards and may also affect insurance coverage.
#5. Simplifies Inspections
Proper installation of step flashing makes it easier to spot problems during routine roof inspections, allowing for early detection of any damage.
#6. Extends Roof Lifespan
By guiding water away from key areas, step flashing helps preserve roofing materials and extends the roof’s overall lifespan.
#7. Improves Energy Efficiency
Keeping water out of the roof and walls helps maintain a stable indoor temperature, reducing strain on your heating and cooling systems.
#8. Prevents Mold Growth
When water is directed away, step flashing reduces the risk of mold and mildew buildup in walls and ceilings, ensuring a healthier living environment.
#9. Facilitates Proper Drainage
By directing water into gutters and downspouts, step flashing ensures efficient drainage, preventing water accumulation on the roof that could cause damage.
#10. Increases Home Value
A properly installed roof with effective step flashing can improve the resale value of your home, making it more attractive to potential buyers.
#11. Lowers Insurance Risks
Ensuring proper step flashing installation reduces the likelihood of water damage, which could lead to fewer insurance claims and possibly lower premiums.
Common Issues With Step Flashing
Here are some common problems with step flashing that can lead to major issues if not addressed quickly:
1. Improper Installation
If step flashing isn’t installed with the right overlap and size, it can create weak spots where water seeps through, leading to leaks and roof damage.
2. Foundation Settling
A settling foundation can cause flashing to pull away from walls or chimneys, which is often seen as cracks in the roof.
3. Rust Formation
Flashing, even if galvanized, can rust over time. Rust weakens the flashing, making it less effective at keeping water out, which may require replacement.
4. Cracks and Holes
Even small cracks or holes in the flashing can allow water in. This minor damage can escalate into significant leaks if not addressed promptly.
How To Install Step Flashing
It’s always better to contact a roofing professional when thinking about step flashing installation
Tools and Materials Needed
- Step Flashing: Choose materials like aluminum, galvanized steel, or copper.
- Roofing Nails: For securing both flashing and shingles.
- Roofing Sealant: For waterproofing.
- Tin Snips: For cutting flashing when needed.
- Hammer: To drive the nails.
- Measuring Tape: To ensure correct measurements.
How Many Pieces Of Step Flashing Are Needed Per Foot
You’ll need one or two pieces of step flashing per foot, each about 10 inches long, installed under each shingle course for proper overlap and leak prevention.
1. Prepare the Roof
Start by ensuring the underlayment and starter shingles are properly installed before you begin with the step flashing.
2. Install the First Piece of Flashing
Place the first piece of flashing against the wall, extending it at least 2 inches up, overlapping the previous piece by another 2 inches, and secure it with roofing nails.
3. Weave Subsequent Pieces
As you install the next pieces, overlap each one in a weaving pattern, sliding them under the shingles above to ensure water flows down over the flashing.
4. Cut and Fold Flashing at the Peak
At the roof’s peak or top of the wall, cut and fold the last piece of flashing, then secure it with a nail or staple to maintain a tight seal.
5. Seal Joints
To prevent leaks, apply a bead of sealant along the edge where the first piece of flashing meets the wall.
6. Final Inspection
Once all flashing is installed, inspect the area to ensure everything is secure, with no gaps, and that water is being directed away from the roof and wall.
Additional Tips
For optimal protection, install step flashing before siding, and if working with corners, cut the flashing pieces at a 45-degree angle to fit snugly.
How To Maintain Step Flashing?
Here is how you can maintain the step flashing on your roof
Regular Inspections
Inspect step flashing regularly for signs of wear, corrosion, or movement, especially after storms. While some areas are accessible, a professional should check hard-to-reach spots.
Professional Help
For maintenance and repairs, call a qualified roofer. They can assess the flashing, address issues, and ensure it keeps your home protected from leaks.
Ensure Proper Step Flashing Installation with OConnor Contracting
Step flashing is essential for preventing leaks and maintaining your roof’s integrity. By understanding its function, homeowners can take the right steps to safeguard their roof from water damage.
At OConnor Contracting, we specialize in expert roofing services to keep your home protected. From step flashing installation to roof inspections and repairs, our team delivers quality services designed for lasting durability. Trust us to safeguard your home and ensure your roof stands strong for years. Contact us today at (716) 600-7663 to see the difference!
